中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******
中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文·麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。
资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀摄
由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。
麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。
一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。
此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。
作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。
美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。
这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。
从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。
两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。
House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy
(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".
The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.
Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.
On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.
On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.
Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.
As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.
But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.
CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.
This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.
Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.
From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.
Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.
The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.
二十大代表风采丨“玫瑰姐姐”的玫瑰人生：让川西高原绽放“致富花”******
中新网成都10月7日电 题：“玫瑰姐姐”的玫瑰人生：让川西高原绽放“致富花”
作者 单鹏 安源
一片片香气浓郁、外形饱满的玫瑰鲜花片进入流水线，经过投料、提取、回流、接取纯露等工艺流程，淡黄色的玫瑰精油从大马士革玫瑰中提炼出来，9月中下旬，四川省阿坝州小金县的大马士革玫瑰进入采摘尾声。“每当玫瑰花开时，村民们满脸都是丰收的喜悦和灿烂的笑容，看到他们幸福，我就很快乐。”“玫瑰姐姐”陈望慧表示。
陈望慧参加中国共产党四川省第十二次代表大会。安源 摄陈望慧是中国共产党第二十次全国代表大会代表、小金县达维镇冒水村党支部书记。曾有人说，“小金玫瑰”从无到有，经历了很多坎坷，玫瑰姐姐用“疯子”的想法、“傻子”的做法，成就了“小金玫瑰”产业，用一朵玫瑰花致富了千万家。
作为四川涉藏地区特色产业扶贫的样本，近十年来，“小金玫瑰”蹚出一条“致富路”：“世界高原玫瑰之乡”小金全县种植玫瑰1.5万亩，覆盖了13个乡镇、46个村，辐射带动3200多户2万余人增收。
陈望慧查看玫瑰生长情况。受访者供图2011年，在外经营餐饮生意的陈望慧被选为冒水村村主任。冒水村坐落在当年中央红军长征中翻越的第一座大雪山夹金山脚下，这里土地贫瘠、野猪肆虐，是典型的贫困村。
谈起小金县最初为何选择发展玫瑰产业，陈望慧笑言小金的玫瑰产业是“被野猪啃出来的”。2011年，陈望慧在高半山查看被野猪破坏的庄稼时，意外发现地边几株玫瑰含苞待放。因为花茎带刺，野猪无法啃食。这一发现让她萌生了种植玫瑰花的念头。在先后前往7个省考察学习玫瑰品种和种植效益后，2012年，陈望慧在冒水村成立玫瑰种植专业合作社。
在村干部和党员带头试种下，60多亩玫瑰花开得很好。后来这批玫瑰花运到甘肃兰州苦水镇加工，提炼出的玫瑰精油得到同行和专家的一致认可，他们认为小金县种植环境绿色生态，而且玫瑰花期长、含油量高、香气纯正。这让陈望慧更加坚定发展玫瑰产业的想法。
“小金玫瑰”的发展并非一路坦途，其今天蒸蒸日上的场景背后，是老百姓从“不愿种”向“自愿种”的转变。玫瑰花虽然每年都种，但有的老百姓将信将疑，打心眼里不认为玫瑰花能代替庄稼，花田管理并不用心；再加上玫瑰品种不够优质，早先“小金玫瑰”成活率很低。陈望慧只好提高价格收购鲜花，让老百姓得到实惠，同时更新品种，改种产量和品质更优的大马士革玫瑰。
陈望慧(左三)在工作中。受访者供图渐有起色后，陈望慧加大投入，在村里建起玫瑰加工厂，引进生产线进行玫瑰精油、纯露、花茶、酱、鲜花饼的加工生产，采用“支部+合作社+公司+党员+农户+基地”发展模式。该模式不需要流转农户土地，老百姓在自己土地上多劳多得。随着“小金玫瑰”的名声在外打响，玫瑰不愁销路，老百姓脸上也露出灿烂笑容，“死心塌地”地跟着陈望慧种植玫瑰。
“以前一个村100多户人家，只有三四家是‘万元户’。种植玫瑰后，几乎家家户户的收入发生了翻天覆地的变化。”陈望慧说，除了显著的收入增长，玫瑰还促进民众思想观念转变，“现在大家对生活充满激情与自信，也越来越团结，期盼着共同富裕。”
疫情发生后，“小金玫瑰”出口保加利亚、新西兰、韩国等国家的海外订单被大量取消。面对市场压力，此前只负责玫瑰种植和加工的陈望慧主动投身销售前线，背上玫瑰精油化妆品来到广州开辟新市场，建立新销售渠道。“产业发展不遇到困难几乎是不可能的，但办法总比困难多。疫情平稳后，市场会逐渐回暖，我对此很有信心。”陈望慧表示。
随着乡村振兴战略的深入推进，陈望慧心中还有一幅更大的蓝图：将玫瑰产业与乡村振兴衔接起来，在一产、二产基础上发展融合高原玫瑰与红色文化的文旅产业。“种植玫瑰后，每个村有每个村的风景。”陈望慧称，冒水村正在更新基础设施，不少村民也抓紧装修房屋和庭院，为吸引游客“蓄力”，“未来乡村会发展得越来越好。”(完)
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